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Nitrogen elimination in man during decompression.

E P Kindwall, A Baz, E N Lightfoot

Undersea Biomedical Research

|December 1, 1975

Summary

Ambient pressure significantly impacts inert gas elimination during decompression. Nitrogen was removed most effectively at 50 feet seawater (fsw) and least at 100 fsw, suggesting bubble formation may influence gas exchange.

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Area of Science:

Diving Medicine
Hyperbaric Physiology
Gas Exchange Dynamics

Background:

Understanding inert gas elimination is crucial for safe decompression protocols in diving.
Previous research has focused on various decompression schedules, but the specific effect of ambient pressure on nitrogen washout requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the influence of ambient pressure on inert gas (nitrogen) elimination during decompression in human subjects.
To compare nitrogen elimination rates at different decompression stops (50 fsw and 100 fsw) and during isobaric denitrogenation.

Main Methods:

Human subjects (n=5) with normal pulmonary function were exposed to simulated dives (4 ATA for 40 min) in a dry hyperbaric chamber.
Nitrogen recovery was measured during three decompression schedules: to 50 fsw, to 10 fsw, and isobarically at 100 fsw, all while breathing an 80:20 helium-oxygen mixture.

Main Results:

Significant differences in nitrogen elimination rates were observed across the tested decompression profiles.
Nitrogen was eliminated most effectively when decompressed to 50 fsw and least effectively at 100 fsw.
Isobaric denitrogenation at 100 fsw also showed reduced nitrogen elimination compared to decompression to 50 fsw.

Conclusions:

Ambient pressure plays a critical role in the rate of inert gas elimination during decompression.
The observed reduced nitrogen elimination at 100 fsw and during isobaric denitrogenation suggests potential asymptomatic bubble formation, which may impede gas washout.
Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms behind pressure-dependent inert gas elimination and bubble dynamics during decompression.

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