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The 1990 U.S. census: how good is good enough?

B Robey

    Asian and Pacific Population Forum
    |October 1, 1989
    PubMed
    Summary
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    The 1990 US census, despite aiming for accuracy, may miss millions, disproportionately affecting minority and low-income populations. This undercount raises significant concerns regarding political representation and federal fund allocation.

    Area of Science:

    • Demography
    • Sociology
    • Public Policy

    Background:

    • The U.S. census is critical for political apportionment and federal funding distribution.
    • Accurate population counts are essential for equitable resource allocation and representation.
    • Previous census efforts have faced challenges with undercounting specific demographic groups.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To describe the plans for the 1990 U.S. census.
    • To examine the controversy surrounding the adjustment for census undercounts.
    • To highlight the implications of undercoverage for political representation and funding.

    Main Methods:

    • Statistical methods for measuring census undercounting.
    • Analysis of census data and demographic trends.
    Keywords:
    AmericasCensusData AdjustmentDeveloped CountriesEconomic FactorsError SourcesLow Income PopulationMeasurementNorth AmericaNorthern AmericaOrganization And AdministrationPlanningPolitical FactorsPopulation StatisticsResearch MethodologySocial ClassSocioeconomic FactorsSocioeconomic StatusUndercountUnited States

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  • Examination of policy debates regarding census adjustment.
  • Main Results:

    • The 1990 census, while advanced, is projected to miss 2-3 million individuals.
    • Undercounts are concentrated among poor, Black, and Hispanic populations.
    • Despite reliable statistical methods, census counts have not historically been adjusted.

    Conclusions:

    • The undercount in the 1990 census poses significant challenges for equitable representation and funding.
    • The debate over adjusting census counts for undercoverage is a critical policy issue.
    • Ensuring accuracy and addressing undercounts are vital for democratic processes and social equity.