Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cognitive Dissonance01:38

Cognitive Dissonance

Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
How Data are Classified: Categorical Data01:11

How Data are Classified: Categorical Data

A variable, usually notated by capital letters such as X and Y, is a characteristic or measurement that can be determined for each member of a population. Data are the actual values of variables. They may be numbers, or they may be words. Datum is a single value.
Data are classified based on whether they are measurable or not. Categorical data cannot be measured; instead, it can be divided into categories. For example, if Y denotes a person's party affiliation, some examples of Y include...
Contingency Table01:29

Contingency Table

A contingency table provides a way of portraying data that can facilitate calculating probabilities. It is a method of displaying a frequency distribution as a table with rows and columns to show how two variables may be dependent (contingent) upon each other; The table helps determine conditional probabilities quite quickly and can help systematically organize, analyze and quantify data. The table displays sample values concerning two variables that may be dependent or contingent on one...
Bias01:22

Bias

Bias refers to any tendency that prevents a question from being considered unprejudiced. In research, bias occurs when one outcome or answer is selected or encouraged over others in sampling or testing. Bias can occur during any research phase, including study design, data collection, analysis, and publication.
In statistics, a sampling bias is created when a sample is collected from a population, and some members of the population are not as likely to be chosen as others (remember, each member...
Strategies for Assessing and Addressing Confounding01:25

Strategies for Assessing and Addressing Confounding

Confounding is a critical issue in epidemiological studies, often leading to misleading conclusions about associations between exposures and outcomes. It occurs when the relationship between the exposure and the outcome is mixed with the effects of other factors that influence the outcome. Given that, addressing confounding is of high importance for drawing accurate inferences in research.
Confounding can be addressed at both the design phase of a study and through analytical methods after data...
Frustration and Conflict: Avoidance-Avoidance, Double-Approach Avoidance01:14

Frustration and Conflict: Avoidance-Avoidance, Double-Approach Avoidance

Avoidance-avoidance conflict refers to a psychological situation where a person must choose between two or more unpleasant alternatives. These conflicts are particularly stressful because neither option is desirable. This dilemma is often expressed in sayings like "caught between a rock and a hard place" or "between the devil and the deep blue sea." For instance, individuals who fear dental procedures may find themselves torn between enduring a painful toothache or facing the anxiety of...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The design and conduct of clinical trials to limit missing data.

Statistics in medicine·2012
Same author

A prototype cloud physics laser nephelometer.

Applied optics·2010
Same author

Evolution of oculomotor and clinical findings in autopsy-proven Richardson syndrome.

Neurology·2009
Same author

Foliar washoff of pesticides by rainfall.

Environmental science & technology·2009
Same author

Neuronal binucleation in Alzheimer disease hippocampus.

Neuropathology and applied neurobiology·2007
Same author

Rasmussen syndrome and CNS granulomatous disease with NOD2/CARD15 mutations.

Neurology·2007

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses
06:42

Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses

Published on: September 28, 2018

Choice and conflict about census data: adjusting the American census count.

M L Cohen

    Journal of Public Policy
    |January 1, 1991
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This paper examines census count defects, U.S. Census Bureau error identification, and the conflict between statistical practices and public policy regarding census adjustment in the United States. It also considers the global applicability of these causes of error.

    Keywords:
    AmericasCensusData AdjustmentDeveloped CountriesEconomic FactorsError SourcesFinancial ActivitiesMeasurementNorth AmericaNorthern AmericaPolicyPolitical FactorsPopulation StatisticsResearch MethodologyResource AllocationUnited States

    More Related Videos

    Applying an eMASS Customization Program as a Research Tool to Evaluate Consumer Benefits
    08:27

    Applying an eMASS Customization Program as a Research Tool to Evaluate Consumer Benefits

    Published on: September 27, 2019

    Advancing Dyslexia Assessment in Children Through Computerized Testing
    09:00

    Advancing Dyslexia Assessment in Children Through Computerized Testing

    Published on: August 16, 2024

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

    Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses
    06:42

    Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses

    Published on: September 28, 2018

    Applying an eMASS Customization Program as a Research Tool to Evaluate Consumer Benefits
    08:27

    Applying an eMASS Customization Program as a Research Tool to Evaluate Consumer Benefits

    Published on: September 27, 2019

    Advancing Dyslexia Assessment in Children Through Computerized Testing
    09:00

    Advancing Dyslexia Assessment in Children Through Computerized Testing

    Published on: August 16, 2024

    Area of Science:

    • Demography
    • Statistical Science
    • Public Policy

    Background:

    • Census counts are prone to inevitable defects and errors.
    • The U.S. Census Bureau actively works to identify and estimate these coverage errors.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To list reasons for defects in census counts.
    • To report on U.S. Census Bureau efforts to identify and estimate census coverage errors.
    • To describe conflicts in U.S. policy regarding census adjustment and consider international implications.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of census defect causes.
    • Analysis of U.S. Census Bureau's error identification and estimation procedures.
    • Examination of policy, legal, and statistical practice conflicts concerning census adjustment.

    Main Results:

    • Identified reasons for inherent defects in census data.
    • Detailed U.S. Census Bureau's methodologies for assessing census coverage errors.
    • Highlighted significant policy and legal conflicts surrounding census adjustment in the U.S.

    Conclusions:

    • Census defects are inevitable, necessitating robust error identification and estimation.
    • The U.S. faces policy challenges in census adjustment.
    • Causes of census error in the U.S. may offer insights into international census challenges.