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Updated: Aug 2, 2026

Assessing Changes in Volatile General Anesthetic Sensitivity of Mice after Local or Systemic Pharmacological Intervention
Published on: October 17, 2013
Biotransformation and toxicity of local anesthetics
Abstract:
The biotransformation of clinically important ester- and amide-type local anesthetic agents is reviewed with emphasis on their fate in man. Aspects considered include: 1 degree the contribution of biotransformation to overall pharmokinetic profiles and systemic safety; 2 degrees the effect of disease on biotransformation; 3 degrees biotransformation and fate in the neonate; 4 degrees pathways and products of biotransformation; 5 degrees pharmacokinetics of metabolites; 6 degrees pharmacological activity and toxicity of metabolites.
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