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Birth order effects and time allocation.

N Birdsall

    Research in Population Economics
    |January 1, 1991
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Parental resource allocation, not market access, explains birth order effects. Children of non-working mothers show birth order advantages, unlike those with working mothers, highlighting parental time constraints.

    Area of Science:

    • Socioeconomics
    • Family Studies
    • Developmental Psychology

    Background:

    • Traditional economic models often attribute birth order effects to capital market imperfections.
    • This study proposes an alternative explanation rooted in the optimal allocation of parental resources.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and test a model where birth order effects stem from parental time and goods allocation.
    • To investigate the influence of maternal employment on birth order differentials.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of a theoretical model of parental resource allocation.
    • Empirical analysis using 1967-1968 household survey data from urban Colombia.

    Main Results:

    • First and last-born children of non-working mothers exhibit advantages over middle-borns.
    Keywords:
    AmericasBehaviorBiologyBirth OrderChild CareChild DevelopmentChild RearingColombiaDemographic FactorsDeveloping CountriesEconomic FactorsEmployment--womenFamily And HouseholdFamily CharacteristicsFamily RelationshipsHigh Income PopulationLatin AmericaMacroeconomic FactorsMothersParentsPopulationPopulation DynamicsSocial ClassSocioeconomic FactorsSocioeconomic StatusSouth AmericaTime Factors

    Related Experiment Videos

  • No significant birth order differences were observed among children of working mothers.
  • Birth order effects persist even in high-income families, suggesting a primary role for parental time constraints.

    • Conclusions:

    • Parental time constraints, rather than capital market imperfections, are a key driver of birth order effects.
    • Maternal employment status significantly moderates the impact of birth order on child outcomes.
    • The findings underscore the importance of considering parental time allocation in understanding family dynamics and child development.