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The declining marital-status earnings differential.

M Blackburn, S Korenman

    Journal of Population Economics
    |July 1, 1994
    PubMed
    Summary

    The earnings gap between married and unmarried men has narrowed since the 1960s. This study finds changes in marriage selection and human capital returns, not role specialization, explain this trend.

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    Area of Science:

    • Economics
    • Sociology
    • Demography

    Background:

    • Earnings differentials between married and unmarried U.S. men have declined since the late 1960s.
    • Understanding the drivers of this trend is crucial for economic and social policy.
    • Previous research has explored selection and specialization within marriage.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the reasons behind the declining earnings gap between married and unmarried men.
    • To differentiate the contributions of selection into marriage versus role specialization.
    • To analyze changes in human capital investment and returns.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of marriage differentials within cohorts.
    • Examination of changes in human-capital investment and its returns for married and unmarried men.
    Keywords:
    AmericasCohort AnalysisDemographic FactorsDeveloped CountriesEconomic FactorsHuman CapitalHuman ResourcesIncome--determinantsMacroeconomic FactorsMarital StatusMarriageMarriage PatternsNorth AmericaNorthern AmericaNuptialityPopulationPopulation CharacteristicsSex FactorsSocioeconomic FactorsUnited StatesWages--changes

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  • Utilizing data from the late 1960s onwards.

    • Main Results:

    • Changes in selection into marriage account for only a small portion of the earnings gap decline.
    • Evidence suggests a decrease in human-capital investment differences between married and unmarried men.
    • Increased returns to human capital for married men have largely offset reduced investment differences.

    Conclusions:

    • Selection into marriage plays a minor role in the narrowing earnings gap.
    • The decline is primarily influenced by shifts in human capital investment and its returns.
    • Further research can explore the evolving dynamics of marriage and economic outcomes.