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Death at the border.

K Eschbach, J Hagan, N Rodriguez

    The International Migration Review
    |September 27, 2002
    PubMed
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    United States border control policies have led to increased migrant deaths. Intensified enforcement pushed migrants to remote areas, increasing risks of hyperthermia, hypothermia, and dehydration.

    Area of Science:

    • Public Health
    • Border Studies
    • Migration Studies

    Background:

    • United States border control policies often overlook the human toll of undocumented migration.
    • Previous research has not fully quantified the mortality risks associated with border crossing.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To estimate the number, causes, and locations of migrant deaths at the U.S. southwest border between 1993 and 1997.
    • To highlight the human costs of undocumented migration and border enforcement strategies.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of migrant death data from the U.S. southwest border.
    • Correlation of death causes and locations with border enforcement policies and migration patterns.

    Main Results:

    • A significant increase in deaths due to hyperthermia, hypothermia, and dehydration was observed from 1993 to 1997.
    Keywords:
    AmericasBiologyCauses Of DeathDemographic FactorsDeveloped CountriesDeveloping CountriesIllegal MigrantsInternational MigrationLatin AmericaMexicoMigrantsMigrationMigration PolicyMortalityMortality DeterminantsNorth AmericaNorthern AmericaPolicyPopulationPopulation DynamicsPopulation PolicyRisk FactorsSocial PolicyUnited States

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  • Intensified border enforcement redirected migration flows to more remote and hazardous areas.
  • Migrant exposure to environmental risks increased due to shifts in crossing points.

    • Conclusions:

    • U.S. border enforcement strategies have inadvertently increased migrant mortality.
    • Environmental factors in remote crossing areas pose significant risks to undocumented migrants.
    • Policy evaluations must consider the human cost and mortality outcomes of border control measures.