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Intertemporal population ethics: critical-level utilitarian principles.

C Blackorby, W Bossert, D Donaldson

    Econometrica : Journal of the Econometric Society
    |November 1, 1995
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study explores social evaluation with varying population sizes and lifespans, allowing historical context. It characterizes critical-level generalized utilitarian rules and rules out social discounting in welfarist settings.

    Area of Science:

    • Social Choice Theory
    • Welfarist Economics
    • Intertemporal Decision Making

    Background:

    • Social evaluation models often simplify population dynamics and historical context.
    • Intertemporal frameworks require careful consideration of how past events influence present welfare.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop principles for social evaluation in dynamic populations.
    • To investigate the role of history in intertemporal social welfare.
    • To characterize generalized utilitarian rules using specific axioms.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed an intertemporal model with variable population size, utility, lifespan, and birth dates.
    • Utilized the axiom of independence of the utilities of the dead.
    • Characterized critical-level generalized utilitarian rules.
    Keywords:
    Comparative StudiesEthicsEvaluationMethodological StudiesModels, TheoreticalOrganization And AdministrationPlanningResearch MethodologyStudiesWorld

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    Main Results:

    • Provided a characterization of critical-level generalized utilitarian rules.
    • Demonstrated that social discounting is incompatible with intertemporal welfarist environments.
    • Discussed implications for population planning.

    Conclusions:

    • The independence of the utilities of the dead axiom is key for characterizing specific utilitarian rules.
    • Intertemporal welfarist social evaluation should not employ social discounting.
    • The model offers insights into complex population dynamics and social welfare.