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Geographically indirect immigration to Canada: description and analysis
The International Migration Review
|April 1, 1997
Summary
Geographically indirect immigration to Canada involves individuals whose last residence differs from their birth country. These immigrants are often older, more educated, and possess higher skills, influencing Canadian immigration patterns.
Area of Science:
- Sociology
- Demography
- Immigration Studies
Background:
- Defines geographically indirect immigration to Canada (1968-1988).
- Highlights the distinction between indirect and direct immigrants based on country of last permanent residence versus country of birth.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the characteristics of geographically indirect immigrants to Canada.
- To model the factors influencing indirect Canadian immigration patterns.
Main Methods:
- Utilized records from Employment and Immigration Canada for all legally admitted immigrants (1968-1988).
- Employed bivariate logit estimates to model indirect immigration.
Main Results:
- Indirect immigrants are generally older, more educated, and more highly skilled than direct immigrants.
- Indirect immigrants from non-English/French speaking countries demonstrate better English/French language proficiency.
- Personal characteristics (age, sex, marital status, occupation, language) and country of birth factors (distance, income, political conditions) influence indirect migration.
Conclusions:
- Geographically indirect immigration to Canada is influenced by a combination of individual attributes and origin country conditions.
- Understanding these factors provides insights into the complex dynamics of Canadian immigration flows.
Keywords:
AmericasCanadaCommunicationDemographic FactorsDestinationDeveloped CountriesEconomic FactorsEducational StatusGeographic FactorsImmigrantsInternational MigrationLanguageLiteracyMigrantsMigrationNorth AmericaNorthern AmericaOriginPlace Of BirthPopulationPopulation CharacteristicsPopulation DynamicsSocioeconomic FactorsSocioeconomic Status
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