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The facts about the urban exodus
Town and Country Planning : the Quarterly Review of the Town and Country Planning Association
|March 1, 1997
Summary
Urban deconcentration is the primary trend in British population movement, with significant variations in who moves and where they relocate. Net migration figures obscure considerable two-way population flows between urban and rural areas.
Area of Science:
- Demography
- Urban Studies
- Sociology
Background:
- Urban deconcentration, or population dispersal from cities, is a significant contemporary demographic phenomenon in Great Britain.
- Understanding the dynamics of population redistribution is crucial for urban planning and policy-making.
- Previous analyses often overlook the complexity of migration patterns, including counter-urbanization and intra-urban moves.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the patterns and characteristics of urban deconcentration in Great Britain.
- To investigate variations in urban out-migration based on population types and geographical locations.
- To examine the nuances of population movement, including in-migration to urban centers.
Main Methods:
- Utilized 1991 Population Census data for Great Britain.
- Focused on individuals who changed their address in the year preceding Census night.
- Classified local authority districts by 'urbanness' and proximity to metropolitan centers to analyze migration flows.
Main Results:
- Confirmed urban deconcentration as the dominant feature of population movement.
- Identified variations in the scale and composition of urban out-migration over time and by demographic groups.
- Revealed substantial in-migration to urban areas, counterbalancing some out-migration trends.
Conclusions:
- Urban deconcentration is a complex process with varied drivers and outcomes.
- Net migration figures do not fully capture the dynamic nature of population redistribution.
- Further research into the push and pull factors influencing migration between urban and non-urban areas is warranted.