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Related Experiment Videos

Working memory performance in children with and without intellectual disabilities.

Lucy A Henry1, Morag MacLean

  • 1Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College London. L.Henry@iop.kcl.ac.uk

American Journal of Mental Retardation : AJMR
|September 27, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Children with intellectual disabilities (ID) showed varied working memory performance compared to age and mental age controls. Results suggest strategy use influences working memory in children with ID.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Background:

  • Working memory is crucial for cognitive development.
  • Children with intellectual disabilities (ID) often exhibit challenges in cognitive tasks.
  • Understanding working memory in ID is key to targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare working memory span task performance in children with ID to CA- and MA-matched controls.
  • To investigate the developmental trajectory and potential differences in working memory capacity in children with ID.
  • To explore the influence of strategic processing on working memory performance in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Working memory span tasks were administered to children aged 11-12 with ID.

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  • Performance was compared against chronological age (CA)-matched controls.
  • Performance was also compared against mental age (MA)-matched controls.

    • Main Results:

    • Limited support for the "difference" position (ID group lower than both CA and MA groups).
    • Some support for the "developmental" position (ID group similar to MA, lower than CA).
    • Evidence for an unconventional "difference" account (ID group better than MA, but lower than CA).

    Conclusions:

    • Working memory performance in children with ID is complex and not uniformly lower than peers.
    • Performance patterns suggest a potential developmental lag rather than a fundamental deficit.
    • The role of strategy use is critical in understanding and potentially improving working memory in children with ID.