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Naphthalene toxicity and antioxidant nutrients.
Sidney J Stohs1, Sunny Ohia, Debasis Bagchi
1School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Creighton University Medical Center, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178, USA. sstohs@creighton.edu
Toxicology
|September 27, 2002
Summary
Naphthalene exposure can cause toxicity, particularly in the lungs and eyes. Antioxidants and free radical scavengers show promise in preventing naphthalene toxicity by mitigating oxidative stress.
Area of Science:
- Toxicology
- Environmental Health
Background:
- Naphthalene is a widely used bicyclic aromatic compound with diverse industrial applications.
- Exposure commonly occurs via inhalation, dermal contact, or ingestion, affecting organs like lungs, eyes, kidneys, brain, and liver.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the toxic effects of naphthalene and explore potential protective strategies.
- To identify biomarkers of naphthalene-induced toxicity and understand the role of oxidative stress.
Main Methods:
- Review of studies on naphthalene toxicity and its mechanisms.
- Examination of various antioxidants and free radical scavengers as chemoprotectants.
- Analysis of pharmacokinetic properties of protective agents.
Main Results:
- Naphthalene toxicity is linked to oxidative metabolism, producing quinones and reactive oxygen species.
- Biomarkers include glutathione depletion, lipid peroxidation, DNA fragmentation, and urinary lipid metabolites.
- Antioxidants like vitamin E, melatonin, and curcumin demonstrated protective effects.
Conclusions:
- Naphthalene-induced toxicity involves oxidative stress and can be mitigated by specific antioxidants.
- The efficacy of chemoprotectants depends on their pharmacokinetic properties.
- Careful selection of chemoprotectants is crucial for preventing naphthalene toxicity.