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Acute renal failure and typhoid fever
Ghana Medical Journal
|September 1, 1975
Summary
Typhoid fever can cause acute renal failure in adults, particularly in endemic regions. Blackwater fever and leucocytosis in typhoid patients may indicate kidney complications, especially in those with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Infectious Diseases
- Hematology
Background:
- Acute renal failure (ARF) is a significant clinical concern, especially in tropical regions.
- Typhoid fever is endemic in many parts of the world, posing a public health challenge.
Observation:
- A study at Korle Bu Hospital identified 6 out of 40 adult patients with ARF also had typhoid fever.
- Prominent clinical features observed in these patients included blackwater fever syndrome and leucocytosis.
Findings:
- Typhoid fever was present in 15% of adult ARF admissions.
- Blackwater fever and leucocytosis in typhoid patients suggest a potential for complicating acute renal failure.
- Three patients with typhoid and ARF had glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-P.D.) deficiency.
Implications:
- Typhoid fever may be an underrecognized cause of acute renal failure in endemic areas.
- The co-occurrence of G-6-P.D. deficiency might increase the risk of ARF in typhoid patients.
- Clinicians should consider ARF in typhoid patients presenting with specific clinical signs.