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Personal and location-specific characteristics and elderly interstate migration.

D E Clark, T A Knapp, N E White

    Growth and Change
    |July 1, 1996
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Elderly individuals" decisions to migrate between states are influenced by personal and location factors. The study found that differences in location characteristics best explain retiree migration patterns.

    Area of Science:

    • Demography
    • Gerontology
    • Public Policy

    Background:

    • Interstate migration of retirees is a significant demographic trend.
    • Understanding the drivers of this migration is crucial for policy development.
    • Previous research has explored various factors influencing migration decisions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of locational and individual characteristics on interstate retiree migration.
    • To examine the role of state-level public policy variables in retiree migration.
    • To compare the explanatory power of push, pull, and difference models of migration.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized data from the 1990 U.S. Census of Population and Housing 5% Public Use Microdata Sample.
    • Merged individual mover characteristics with location-specific attributes (natural amenities, local fiscal variables).
    Keywords:
    AdultAge FactorsAgedAmericasDemographic FactorsDeveloped CountriesEconomic FactorsEmployment StatusMigrationMigration, InternalNorth AmericaNorthern AmericaPopulationPopulation CharacteristicsPopulation DynamicsRetirementSocioeconomic FactorsSocioeconomic StatusUnited States

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  • Developed and compared three alternative migration models: push, pull, and difference.
  • Main Results:

    • Both personal and locational characteristics significantly influence elderly migrants' decisions.
    • Limited support was found for traditional push and pull migration factors.
    • The difference model, focusing on experienced site characteristics, provided the best fit for explaining retiree migration.

    Conclusions:

    • Retiree migration is a complex phenomenon driven by a combination of individual and place-based factors.
    • The findings highlight the importance of considering the migrants' perceived differences in location attributes.
    • Policy implications may involve understanding how state-level attributes influence retirement destination choices.