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Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Quantification of Fungal Colonization, Sporogenesis, and Production of Mycotoxins Using Kernel Bioassays
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Fumonisin B1 affects viability and alters nitric oxide production of a murine macrophage cell line.

Charissa Dresden-Osborne1, Gayle Pittman Noblet

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, SC 29634-0326, USA.

International Immunopharmacology
|September 28, 2002
PubMed
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Fumonisin B1 (FB1) toxin from Fusarium verticillioides reduces macrophage viability and alters nitric oxide (NO) production. The effects on NO depend on the stimulation pathway and FB1 concentration, indicating complex cellular responses.

Area of Science:

  • * Toxicology and immunology
  • * Mycotoxin research
  • * Cellular stress responses

Background:

  • * Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium verticillioides, commonly found in contaminated corn.
  • * FB1 is associated with various organ- and species-specific toxicities in animals.
  • * Macrophages play a crucial role in immune responses and can be affected by environmental toxins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To investigate the effects of FB1 on murine macrophage (RAW264.7) viability.
  • * To determine how FB1 influences inducible nitric oxide (NO) production in macrophages.
  • * To explore the impact of different stimulation pathways on FB1-induced cellular responses.

Main Methods:

  • * Exposure of RAW264.7 cells to varying concentrations of FB1 (1-100 microM).

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  • * Assessment of cell viability following FB1 exposure.
  • * Stimulation of FB1-exposed cells with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) to measure nitric oxide (NO) production.

    • Main Results:

    • * FB1 decreased RAW264.7 cell viability in a dose-dependent manner.
    • * FB1 exposure at cytotoxic concentrations (10-50 microM) increased NO production when cells were stimulated with LPS.
    • * PMA stimulation showed a variable NO response with FB1, with increased production only at 50 microM FB1.

    Conclusions:

    • * FB1 significantly impacts macrophage viability and function.
    • * The effect of FB1 on inducible NO production is dependent on the specific stimulation pathway (LPS vs. PMA).
    • * FB1's influence on macrophage NO production is complex and concentration-dependent, particularly in relation to cytotoxicity.