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Related Experiment Videos

Uric acid nephrolithiasis: current concepts and controversies.

Bijan Shekarriz1, Marshall L Stoller

  • 1Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.

The Journal of Urology
|September 28, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Uric acid stones form due to persistently acidic urine. Urinary alkalization effectively dissolves existing stones and prevents recurrence, making it a cornerstone of treatment for this common urinary calculus.

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Reply by Authors.

The Journal of urology·2025

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Urology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Uric acid stones, with or without calcium, are a significant portion of urinary calculi.
  • Understanding stone formation pathophysiology is crucial for effective medical management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated review on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management of uric acid renal stones.
  • To highlight the critical role of urine acidity in stone formation.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive MEDLINE search was conducted on uric acid stones.
  • Current literature was reviewed for epidemiology, pathophysiology, associated conditions, and management strategies.

Main Results:

  • Uric acid stones incidence ranges from 5% to 40% globally, influenced by hyperuricuria, low urine output, and acidic urine.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Persistently acidic urine is the primary factor in uric acid stone formation.
  • Gout and myeloproliferative disorders are associated conditions, though the exact link to stone formation in gout patients remains unclear.

    • Conclusions:

    • Persistently acidic urine is essential for the formation and growth of uric acid stones.
    • Urinary alkalization is a highly effective treatment for dissolving stones and preventing recurrence.
    • Medical management focusing on urinary alkalization should be the primary treatment approach.