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Suicide in Neurologic Illness.

David B. Arciniegas1, C. Alan Anderson

  • 1*Neuropsychiatry Service, Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, 4200 East Ninth Avenue, Campus Box C268-68, Denver, CO 80262, USA. David.Arciniegas@UCHSC.edu

Current Treatment Options in Neurology
|October 2, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Patients with neurological disorders face a higher suicide risk, particularly those with conditions like epilepsy and Alzheimer's disease. Depression and social isolation significantly elevate this risk, necessitating proactive mental health interventions.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Psychiatry
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Neurological disorders are often associated with increased suicide risk, contrary to common perceptions.
  • Conditions such as migraine with aura, epilepsy, stroke, multiple sclerosis, traumatic brain injury, and Huntington's disease are linked to higher suicide rates.
  • Even Alzheimer's disease and other dementing conditions show an elevated risk of suicide compared to the general population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify neurological conditions associated with increased suicide risk.
  • To explore factors contributing to suicide risk in patients with neurological illnesses.
  • To emphasize the need for aggressive treatment of psychiatric issues in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing reports on suicide risk in neurological disorders.

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  • Analysis of associated risk factors, including psychiatric comorbidities and psychosocial elements.
  • Identification of specific patient groups and conditions requiring targeted suicide prevention strategies.

    • Main Results:

    • Neurological conditions like epilepsy, stroke, and Alzheimer's disease are associated with increased suicide risk.
    • Depression, hopelessness, helplessness, and social isolation are strongly linked to suicide in these patients.
    • Cognitive impairment, younger age, physical disability, and prior psychiatric history are additional significant risk factors.

    Conclusions:

    • Neurological illness significantly elevates suicide risk, underscoring the need for comprehensive mental health care.
    • Aggressive identification and treatment of depression and other psychiatric problems are crucial for suicide prevention.
    • Addressing modifiable risk factors is essential to reduce suicide attempts and completions in individuals with neurological disorders.