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Emerging therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma: opportunities for radiologists
Jonathan B Kruskal1, S Nahum Goldberg
1Department of Radiology, Abdominal Imaging Section, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, West Campus-302B, 1 Deaconess Road, Boston, MA 02215, USA. jkruskal@caregroup.harvard.edu
Abstract:
Emerging molecular therapies offer an exciting new challenge to interventional radiologists, who are expected to play an essential role in the targeted delivery of many of these novel drug- and cell-based therapies. Specifically for the treatment of liver tumors, not only are several novel therapies being developed that will require direct intratumoral delivery, but drugs are also being produced to further enhance local delivery by increasing tumor permeability. Some therapies are being developed to inhibit efflux of drugs out of tumors and others to recruit immune cells into or around tumors. In this review, the authors describe the basic science behind these emerging technologies to provide interventional radiologists with a comprehensive background into the types of therapies they will be delivering.
Insights
Interventional radiologists will be key in delivering new molecular therapies for liver tumors. This involves direct tumor delivery, enhancing drug permeability, and managing drug efflux and immune cell recruitment.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Interventional Radiology
- Molecular Therapy
Background:
- Novel molecular therapies, including drug- and cell-based treatments, are emerging for liver tumor management.
- Interventional radiology is poised to play a crucial role in the targeted delivery of these innovative therapies.
- Current research focuses on enhancing local delivery through increased tumor permeability and modulating drug efflux.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide interventional radiologists with a foundational understanding of emerging molecular therapies.
- To outline the role of interventional radiology in the targeted delivery of novel liver tumor treatments.
- To review the basic science underpinning new therapeutic strategies, including drug- and cell-based approaches.
Main Methods:
- Review of current scientific literature on emerging molecular therapies for liver tumors.
- Analysis of the role of interventional radiology in drug and cell delivery techniques.
- Description of mechanisms for enhancing tumor permeability and managing drug efflux.
Main Results:
- Several novel molecular therapies require direct intratumoral delivery.
- New drugs are being developed to increase tumor permeability for enhanced local delivery.
- Therapeutic strategies include inhibiting drug efflux and recruiting immune cells to tumors.
Conclusions:
- Interventional radiologists are essential for the targeted delivery of emerging molecular therapies.
- Understanding the basic science of these therapies is crucial for effective clinical application.
- Future interventional radiology practice will involve complex molecular and cell-based treatments for liver cancer.