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Cerebral malaria in rural India
Milind B Kamble1, Pradeep P Raut, Z F Hussain
1Department of Paediatrics, Shri. Vasantrao Naik Govt. Medical College, Yavatmal, India. milind1732@rediffmail.com
Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|October 3, 2002
Summary
Cerebral malaria in children presents with fever and neurological symptoms. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of probable cerebral malaria (PCM) are crucial for saving lives in rural settings.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
- Neurology
Background:
- Cerebral malaria is a severe complication of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
- Fever without a clear focus is common in rural pediatric admissions.
- Understanding the clinical profile and outcomes of cerebral malaria is vital for effective management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the clinical features and outcomes of cerebral malaria in children in a rural hospital setting.
- To differentiate between definite cerebral malaria (DCM) and probable cerebral malaria (PCM).
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study enrolled children meeting inclusion criteria.
- Peripheral smears (PS) were used to diagnose malaria and classify cases as DCM or PCM.
- Clinical data and outcomes were recorded.
Main Results:
- Plasmodium falciparum (PF) was identified in 2.8% and Plasmodium vivax (PV) in 4.3% of malarial cases.
- Fifteen children were included in the study (7 DCM, 8 PCM), predominantly school-aged males.
- Common symptoms included fever, central nervous system (CNS) involvement, convulsions (66.6%), and anemia (60%). Two deaths occurred.
Conclusions:
- Probable cerebral malaria (PCM) should be considered in children with unexplained fever in rural areas.
- Timely and specific therapy for PCM is essential for improving patient outcomes.
- Cerebral malaria is a serious complication, particularly in Plasmodium falciparum malaria cases.