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Autoantibodies against AT1-receptor and alpha1-adrenergic receptor in patients with hypertension

Yu-Hua Liao1, Yu-Miao Wei, Min Wang

  • 1Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China. lyh123@public.wuhan.cngb.com

Hypertension Research : Official Journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension
|October 3, 2002
PubMed

Insights

Autoantibodies against the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1-receptor) and alpha1-adrenergic receptor are more prevalent in patients with hypertension, especially refractory hypertension. These autoantibodies may contribute to the development of hypertension.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Immunology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Hypertension affects millions globally, with refractory cases posing significant challenges.
  • Autoantibodies targeting key regulatory receptors are implicated in various cardiovascular diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of autoantibodies against the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1-receptor) and alpha1-adrenergic receptor in hypertensive patients.
  • To compare autoantibody frequencies between refractory and non-refractory hypertension groups.

Main Methods:

  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to screen for autoantibodies against synthesized AT1-receptor and alpha1-adrenergic receptor epitopes.
  • Patients were categorized into refractory and non-refractory hypertension groups based on treatment response.
  • Plasma renin activity, angiotensin II, and catecholamine levels were measured.

Main Results:

  • Autoantibody positivity rates for AT1-receptor and alpha1-adrenergic receptor were significantly higher in hypertensive patients (26.8%, 25.3%) compared to normotensives (7.5%, 5%).
  • Frequencies were markedly elevated in refractory hypertension (42.9%, 36.7%) versus non-refractory hypertension (10.4%, 13.5%).
  • Refractory hypertension group showed higher levels of angiotensin II, catecholamine, proteinuria, and serum creatinine.

Conclusions:

  • Autoantibodies against AT1-receptor and alpha1-adrenergic receptor are more frequent in hypertensive individuals, particularly those with treatment-resistant hypertension.
  • These autoantibodies may play a role in the pathogenesis of hypertension, especially in refractory cases.

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