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Related Experiment Video

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Identification of Growth Inhibition Phenotypes Induced by Expression of Bacterial Type III Effectors in Yeast
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The Yersinia Ysc-Yop 'type III' weaponry.

Guy R Cornelis1

  • 1Biozentrum der Universität Basel, Klingelbergstr. 50-70, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. guy.cornelis@unibas.ch

Nature Reviews. Molecular Cell Biology
|October 3, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Type III secretion allows pathogenic bacteria to inject effector proteins into host cells. Recent advances visualize injectisomes and elucidate effector functions, crucial for Yersinia pathogenesis.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pathogenesis

Background:

  • Type III secretion (T3SS) is a bacterial virulence mechanism discovered in 1994.
  • T3SS enables pathogenic bacteria to directly deliver effector proteins into eukaryotic host cell cytosols.
  • This process manipulates host cell functions, contributing to disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding Type III secretion systems.
  • To highlight progress in visualizing the bacterial injectisome structure.
  • To summarize current knowledge on bacterial effector protein structures and intracellular mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on Type III secretion.
  • Analysis of structural biology data for effector proteins.

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  • Examination of research on the intracellular targets and functions of effectors.

    • Main Results:

    • Visualization of the bacterial injectisome, the T3SS organelle.
    • Determination of the structures of several key bacterial effector proteins.
    • Significant progress in understanding how these effectors subvert host cell processes.

    Conclusions:

    • Type III secretion is a critical determinant of pathogenicity, particularly for Yersinia species.
    • Continued research on T3SS provides insights into bacterial infection strategies.
    • Understanding T3SS is vital for developing novel anti-bacterial therapies.