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Established therapies for diabetes mellitus
Stanley H Hsia1, Mayer B Davidson
1Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Clinical Trials Unit, Los Angeles, California 90059, USA.
Current Medical Research and Opinion
|October 9, 2002
Summary
This review covers traditional oral anti-diabetic agents like sulfonylureas, metformin, and alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, plus insulin therapies for diabetes mellitus management. It details their mechanisms, efficacy, side-effects, and controversies.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Endocrinology
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Diabetes mellitus management relies on various therapeutic classes.
- Traditional agents include oral anti-diabetic drugs and insulin.
- Combinations are used for enhanced glycemic control.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review traditional oral anti-diabetic agents and insulin therapies.
- To discuss mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, and side-effects.
- To highlight current controversies in diabetes treatment.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of established anti-diabetic treatment classes.
- Analysis of pharmacological actions and clinical outcomes.
- Discussion of safety profiles and therapeutic challenges.
Main Results:
- Sulfonylureas, metformin, and alpha-glucosidase inhibitors offer distinct treatment profiles.
- Insulin therapy aims to replicate physiological secretion patterns.
- Combinations provide additive benefits but require careful patient selection.
Conclusions:
- Traditional anti-diabetic agents have specific advantages and disadvantages.
- Optimal treatment choice depends on individual patient characteristics.
- Understanding these factors is crucial for effective diabetes mellitus management.