Improving primary care for patients with chronic illness
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Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Nasolacrimal Lavage as a Treatment for Ocular Surface Toxic Soup Syndrome
Published on: April 25, 2025
Thomas Bodenheimer1, Edward H Wagner, Kevin Grumbach
1Family and Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA. tbodie@earthlink.net
Abstract:
The chronic care model is a guide to higher-quality chronic illness management within primary care. The model predicts that improvement in its 6 interrelated components-self-management support, clinical information systems, delivery system redesign, decision support, health care organization, and community resources-can produce system reform in which informed, activated patients interact with prepared, proactive practice teams. Case studies are provided describing how components of the chronic care model have been implemented in the primary care practices of 4 health care organizations.
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