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Self-rotation in electrocapillary flows.

M A Herrada¹, A Barrero

¹Escuela Superior de Ingenieros, Universidad de Sevilla, Camino de los Descubrimientos s/n, 41092 Seville, Spain.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics

|October 9, 2002

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Numerical simulations reveal a novel instability mechanism causing swirl in converging fluid flows, particularly in electrified Taylor cones. This circulation amplification, driven by convection-diffusion, occurs above a critical Reynolds number.

Area of Science:

Fluid Dynamics
Electrified Flows
Instability Mechanisms

Background:

Spontaneous swirl generation observed in electrified menisci (Taylor cones).
Electrical stress drives millimetric fluid flows in these systems.
Understanding swirl formation is crucial for predicting fluid behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate the numerical mechanism behind swirl appearance in converging flows.
Analyze the spontaneous swirl generation in electrified Taylor cones.
Identify the conditions and mechanisms driving circulation amplification.

Main Methods:

Numerical investigation of fluid flow dynamics.
Analysis of swirl-free meridian flow stability.
Examination of the role of Reynolds number and convection-diffusion effects.

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Main Results:

A primarily swirl-free meridian flow becomes unstable within a specific Reynolds number range.
An instability mechanism termed 'circulation amplification' was identified.
This mechanism, driven by convection-diffusion, amplifies swirl above a critical Reynolds number.

Conclusions:

The study elucidates a novel convection-diffusion-driven swirl amplification mechanism in converging flows.
This mechanism is distinct from vortex stretching and is critical for understanding Taylor cone dynamics.
The findings may apply to other converging flows driven by body forces like natural convection or electrical forces.