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Mechanical stimulation improves tissue-engineered human skeletal muscle.

Courtney A Powell1, Beth L Smiley, John Mills

  • 1Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology, and Biotechnology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA.

American Journal of Physiology. Cell Physiology
|October 10, 2002
PubMed
Summary
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Engineered human bioartificial muscles (HBAMs) were improved using a Mechanical Cell Stimulator (MCS) to apply in vivo-like forces. This method enhanced HBAM elasticity, myofiber diameter, and area, creating better skeletal muscle analogs.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Human bioartificial muscles (HBAMs) are engineered tissues that mimic skeletal muscle structure.
  • Current HBAMs exhibit morphological differences compared to native skeletal muscle.
  • Improved HBAMs are needed for more accurate in vivo-like modeling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a Mechanical Cell Stimulator (MCS) for applying in vivo-like forces to HBAMs.
  • To investigate the effects of mechanical stimulation on HBAM development and properties.
  • To establish a method for assessing passive force and viscoelastic properties of engineered muscle tissue.

Main Methods:

  • Muscle cells were cultured in collagen/MATRIGEL within a silicone mold to form HBAMs.
Keywords:
NASA Discipline MusculoskeletalNon-NASA Center

Related Experiment Videos

  • A Mechanical Cell Stimulator (MCS) applied controlled forces to the HBAMs.
  • A force transducer measured internally generated and externally applied forces in real-time.
  • HBAMs underwent repetitive stretch/relaxation cycles for 8 days.

    • Main Results:

    • Muscle cells generated increasing internal forces during HBAM formation, which were inhibitable by cytoskeleton depolymerizers.
    • Repetitive mechanical stimulation significantly increased HBAM elasticity (2-3 fold), mean myofiber diameter (12%), and myofiber area (40%).
    • The MCS system successfully applied in vivo-like forces and measured tissue responses.

    Conclusions:

    • The Mechanical Cell Stimulator (MCS) enables the engineering of improved, more in vivo-like human bioartificial muscles.
    • Mechanical stimulation is crucial for enhancing the structural and mechanical properties of HBAMs.
    • This system provides a nondestructive method to evaluate the passive force and viscoelastic characteristics of engineered muscle tissue.