Self-reported herpes labialis in a Swedish population

Area of Science:

• Epidemiology
• Virology
• Public Health

Background:

• Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections, particularly labial herpes, are common globally.
• Understanding the prevalence and demographic distribution of labial herpes is crucial for public health strategies.
• Previous studies in Sweden have indicated varying prevalence rates, necessitating updated data.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the current occurrence of self-reported labial herpes in a representative population in southwest Sweden.
• To determine the prevalence of labial herpes across different age groups and by gender.
• To compare current findings with historical data on labial herpes incidence in Sweden.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional study involving a stratified random sample of 5,000 individuals aged 0-60 years.
• Data collection via questionnaires, including specific questions about herpes history and visual aids (photographs) of lesions.
• Analysis of 3,597 returned questionnaires (72% response rate).

Main Results:

• The overall point estimate for a history of labial herpes was 26.6% (95% CI 25.1%-28.1%).
• A history of labial herpes within the last two years was reported by 19.4% (95% CI 18.0-20.8%).
• Prevalence increased with age, with approximately 5% of children under 5 years reporting labial herpes. Females reported higher incidence than males (OR 1.29, 95% CI 1.10-1.51).

Conclusions:

• The prevalence of labial herpes in southwest Sweden remains significant, affecting over a quarter of the population.
• Labial herpes is more common in older individuals and females.
• Current data suggest that the occurrence of labial herpes has not decreased compared to previous Swedish studies.