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[Intraoperative navigation in surgery of paranasal sinus and anterior skull base]
1Univ.-HNO-Klinik der Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Germany. ecke@hno.klinik.uni-mainz.de
Background And Objective:
Based on physical laws, stage of technical development and the user's individual skills a number of possible errors have to be considered for the application of CAS in paranasal sinus and anterior skull base surgery.
Patients/Methods:
Based on our experiences of 436 navigated cases hard- and software errors, errors of image acquisition and transfer, errors of patient registration, user related errors as well as strategic errors are analyzed.
Results:
Any hindrance of the camera field leads to a limitation of functionality of optical systems in the same extent as electromagnetic systems can be affected by ferromagnetic materials. The mode of image acquisition is dependent from the CAS-system involved. The reconstruction algorithm requires particular attention. The patient registration based on the headset proved to be reliable for endonasal sinus surgery.
Conclusions:
In dealing with navigation devices in paranasal and anterior skull base surgery the user must pay critical attention to possible malfunction in order to guarantee a successful image guided surgical procedure.