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Gap junctions and connexins: potential contributors to the immunological synapse.

Ernesto Oviedo-Orta1, W Howard Evans

  • 1Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Royal Infirmary, United Kingdom. e.oviedo-orta@bristol.ac.uk

Journal of Leukocyte Biology
|October 16, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Lymphocytes utilize connexins (protein building blocks of gap junctions) for intercellular communication. These connexins influence immune responses by regulating the release of signaling molecules, impacting lymphocyte function.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Gap junctional communication facilitates metabolic coupling between adjacent cells.
  • Lymphocytes express connexins, the protein components of gap junctions, including connexin 40 and connexin 43.
  • Connexins are implicated in lymphocyte physiology, influencing immunoglobulin and cytokine secretion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of connexins and gap junctional communication in lymphocyte function.
  • To explore the potential paracrine functions of lymphocyte connexins beyond traditional gap junctions.
  • To understand the contribution of lymphocyte gap junctional communication to the immunological synapse.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized connexin mimetic peptides to inhibit gap junctional communication in T and B lymphocyte cocultures.

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  • Analyzed the effects of inhibition on immunoglobulin and cytokine secretion.
  • Examined the potential involvement of gap junction hemichannels in metabolite release.

    • Main Results:

    • Inhibitors of gap junctional communication reduced immunoglobulin and cytokine secretion by lymphocytes.
    • Evidence suggests connexins may have paracrine functions through hemichannel activity, releasing molecules like ATP.
    • Connexins are increasingly recognized for their role in lymphocyte signaling.

    Conclusions:

    • Connexins play a fundamental role in lymphocyte physiology and immune responses.
    • Lymphocyte connexins may function not only in gap junctions but also via hemichannels, mediating paracrine signaling.
    • Gap junctional communication is a significant component of the complex signaling network within the immunological synapse.