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Calcium oxalate crystalluria.

J S Elliot, I N Rabinowitz, M Silvert

    The Journal of Urology
    |December 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Calcium oxalate crystals in urine are common, occurring 42 times more frequently than urinary calculi. Analysis confirmed these crystals are real, not artifacts, and exhibit diverse crystalline structures.

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    Area of Science:

    • Urology
    • Mineralogy
    • Clinical Chemistry

    Background:

    • Calcium oxalate crystals are frequently observed in urine specimens.
    • The incidence of crystalluria requires further investigation to understand its clinical significance.
    • Distinguishing real crystals from artifacts is crucial for accurate diagnosis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the incidence of calcium oxalate crystalluria in hospital laboratory urine specimens.
    • To confirm the authenticity of observed calcium oxalate crystals.
    • To characterize the crystalline structures of calcium oxalate found in urine.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of urine specimens submitted to a hospital laboratory.
    • Polarized light microscopy for crystal identification.

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  • X-ray diffraction and electron microprobe analysis for crystalline structure determination.

    • Main Results:

    • The incidence of crystalluria was found to be 4.2 per cent.
    • This incidence is approximately 42 times the maximum reported incidence of urinary calculi.
    • Crystalluria was confirmed as a real phenomenon, not an artifact.
    • Calcium oxalate dihydrate crystals appeared as bipyramidal and dodecahedral prisms.
    • Calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals presented as biconcave ovals, dumbbell shapes, and intermediate forms.

    Conclusions:

    • Calcium oxalate crystalluria is significantly more common than urinary calculi.
    • The diverse crystalline forms of calcium oxalate have been characterized.
    • Further research is warranted to explore the clinical implications of high crystalluria incidence.