1Centre d'histoire du domaine turc, Etudes turques et ottomanes, Raspail, Paris.
During the 19th century, Istanbul pharmacies mirrored European standards, influenced by French science and language. Turkish ownership increased after 1890, alongside organized hospital and imperial pharmacies.
You might also read
Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.
Area of Science:
Context:
Purpose:
Summary:
Impact: