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Peripheral arterial insufficiency associated with protein C deficiency
1Department of General Surgery, Asan Kangnung Hospital, 415 Bangdong Ri, Sachun Myun, Republic of Korea.
Abstract:
Two patients with protein C deficiency who presented with peripheral arterial insufficiency were successfully managed. One patient was managed with bypass surgery for focal gangrene followed by full anticoagulation whilst the other patient was managed with full anticoagulation. Both patients showed characteristic arteriographic findings. Patients who present with peripheral arterial insufficiency demonstrating thrombotic occlusion of main peripheral artery without atherosclerosis and other risk factors should be evaluated for hypercoagulable states.
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Jugular Venous Pressure (JVP) Measurement
Position the patient at a thirty- to forty-five-degree angle or in a semi-fowler's position. Look for the highest point of pulsation in the internal jugular vein and measure the vertical distance to the angle of Loius or sternal angle. A normal JVP is 3-4 cm above the...