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Related Experiment Videos

Frontotemporal neural systems in bipolar disorder.

Hilary P Blumberg1, Dennis S Charney, John H Krystal

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.

Seminars in Clinical Neuropsychiatry
|October 17, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Research on bipolar disorder (BD) brain abnormalities is less extensive than for unipolar depression. This review highlights neural systems, particularly prefrontal and amygdalar regions, involved in BD, offering targets for treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Bipolar disorder (BD) research has historically focused less on neural system abnormalities compared to unipolar depression.
  • Neuroimaging studies increasingly provide in vivo evidence for regional brain abnormalities in BD.
  • Lesions in specific brain areas correlate with secondary mood symptoms and neuropsychological deficits in BD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review neural systems implicated in BD through lesion studies and neuropsychological deficits.
  • To examine structural and functional neuroimaging findings supporting the involvement of these neural systems in BD.
  • To propose functional neuroanatomic models for BD symptoms, focusing on manic and euthymic states.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on brain lesions associated with mood changes and neuropsychological impairments in BD.

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  • Synthesis of structural and functional neuroimaging evidence (e.g., MRI, fMRI) in individuals with BD.
  • Analysis of existing data to develop neuroanatomic models of BD.

    • Main Results:

    • Neural systems implicated by lesion studies include ventral and medial prefrontal cortex and amygdala.
    • Neuroimaging confirms structural and functional alterations in these regions in BD.
    • Abnormalities in these areas may represent trait markers for BD, particularly during manic and euthymic phases.

    Conclusions:

    • Ventral and medial prefrontal cortex and amygdala abnormalities are significant in a subset of bipolar disorder symptoms.
    • These identified brain regions represent potential therapeutic targets for treating BD.
    • Further research into these neural systems can refine our understanding and treatment of BD.