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Human anaphylatoxin (C3a) from the third component of complement. Primary structure.

T E Hugli

    The Journal of Biological Chemistry
    |November 10, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary

    The complement system

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    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • C3a anaphylatoxin is a fragment of the third component (C3) of the blood complement system.
    • It is generated by selective proteolysis of C3 by blood-activated proenzymes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To isolate and characterize human C3a.
    • To determine the primary structure of human C3a.

    Main Methods:

    • Isolation of human C3a from inulin-activated serum.
    • Cyanogen bromide cleavage, tryptic, and chymotryptic digestion.
    • Peptide sequencing to deduce primary structure.

    Main Results:

    • Human C3a is a highly cationic molecule (approx. 9000 MW, 77 amino acids).
    • It contains 8% cysteine, lacks tryptophan and carbohydrate, and has three disulfide linkages forming a disulfide knot.
    • The C-terminal region is rich in functionally important amino acid residues.

    Conclusions:

    • The primary structure of human C3a was tentatively determined.
    • The cationic C-terminal region is likely involved in cellular receptor interactions.
    • Limited sequence identity was found between human C3a and human immunoglobulin.

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