Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 17, 2026

Bio-energetics Investigation of Candida albicans Using Real-time Extracellular Flux Analysis
08:48

Bio-energetics Investigation of Candida albicans Using Real-time Extracellular Flux Analysis

Published on: March 19, 2019

Fungal infections among returning travelers

Anil A Panackal1, Rana A Hajjeh, Martin S Cetron

  • 1Epidemic Intelligence Service, Epidemiology Program Office, Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
|October 18, 2002
PubMed

Insights

Travelers face risks of endemic mycoses like histoplasmosis and coccidioidomycosis in endemic areas. Awareness and medical consideration are crucial for preventing and diagnosing these fungal infections in returning travelers.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Travel Medicine

Background:

  • Endemic mycoses (fungal infections) pose increasing health risks to international travelers.
  • Histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis, and penicilliosis are significant concerns in endemic regions.
  • Travelers engage in various activities, increasing exposure to fungal pathogens.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the emerging threat of endemic mycoses to travelers.
  • To inform travelers about risks associated with visiting endemic areas.
  • To guide healthcare providers in diagnosing and managing fungal infections in returning travelers.

Main Methods:

  • Review of endemic mycoses affecting travelers.
  • Analysis of risk factors and exposure scenarios.
  • Discussion of clinical presentation and diagnostic considerations.

Main Results:

  • Travelers acquire fungal infections through diverse recreational and occupational activities.
  • Infections can occur during both short visits and extended stays in endemic zones.
  • Respiratory illness in returning travelers may indicate endemic mycoses.

Conclusions:

  • Travelers must be educated about the risks of endemic mycoses.
  • Healthcare providers should include these infections in their differential diagnosis for ill travelers.
  • Familiarity with prevention and treatment is essential for clinicians.

More Related Videos

An Ex vivo Assay to Study Candida albicans Hyphal Morphogenesis in the Gastrointestinal Tract07:42

An Ex vivo Assay to Study Candida albicans Hyphal Morphogenesis in the Gastrointestinal Tract

Published on: July 1, 2020

A Contemporary Warming/Restraining Device for Efficient Tail Vein Injections in a Murine Fungal Sepsis Model06:02

A Contemporary Warming/Restraining Device for Efficient Tail Vein Injections in a Murine Fungal Sepsis Model

Published on: November 6, 2020

Related Concept Videos

Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
Fungal Phylum Microsporidia01:28

Fungal Phylum Microsporidia

Microsporidia are a group of obligate intracellular fungi that were initially classified as protists but were later reclassified based on phylogenetic, molecular, and structural evidence linking them to the Chytridiomycota. These unicellular, non-motile organisms are highly specialized parasites that infect a wide range of animal hosts, including humans. They have evolved extensive genomic and metabolic reductions, making them highly dependent on their hosts for survival.Morphology and Genomic...
Cryptococcal Meningitis01:27

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection predominantly associated with HIV/AIDS, accounting for over 100,000 deaths annually worldwide. However, it also affects individuals with other forms of immunosuppression, including those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, organ transplant recipients, patients with innate immunodeficiencies, and individuals with hematological disorders. The infection is caused mainly by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii,...
Candidiasis01:20

Candidiasis

Candidiasis is a fungal infection caused by opportunistic species of Candida. It can affect various anatomical sites, including the skin, oral cavity, nails, and genitourinary tract. Among its forms, vaginal candidiasis is the most common type of mucosal infection. It typically results from the overgrowth of Candida albicans in the vaginal mucosa. Under normal conditions, C. albicans exists as a commensal organism within the vaginal microbiota, regulated by the dominance of lactobacilli, which...
Trichomoniasis01:18

Trichomoniasis

Trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellated protozoan parasite and the causative agent of trichomoniasis, one of the most prevalent non-viral sexually transmitted infections in the United States. This extracellular parasite primarily colonizes the lower genitourinary tract in women—particularly the vagina—and in men, the urethra and prostate. Its structural and functional adaptations enable its survival, motility, and pathogenicity within the host environment.Structural Features and Host EntryT.
Antifungal Agents01:15

Antifungal Agents

Amphotericin B is a broad-spectrum antifungal agent that exploits structural differences between fungal and mammalian cell membranes. Its amphipathic structure—featuring a hydrophobic polyene-lactone ring and a hydrophilic region containing mycosamine and carboxylic acid groups—enables selective binding to ergosterol, a sterol predominantly found in fungal plasma membranes. This selective interaction underlies the drug’s antifungal activity, although weak binding to cholesterol contributes to...