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Cell turnover in normal and abnormal kidney development.

Adrian S Woolf1, Simon J M Welham

  • 1Nephro-Urology Unit, Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK.

Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation : Official Publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association
|October 19, 2002
PubMed
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Cell turnover regulation is crucial for kidney development. Dysregulation, seen in congenital kidney malformations, involves altered apoptosis and proliferation, impacting nephron formation.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Nephrology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Kidney development involves metanephric mesenchyme differentiating into nephrons.
  • Cellular processes like proliferation and apoptosis are tightly regulated during nephrogenesis.
  • Growth factors such as hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor influence kidney development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of cell turnover in normal kidney development.
  • To understand the mechanisms underlying congenital kidney malformations related to cell turnover.
  • To explore the impact of urinary tract obstruction and dietary factors on kidney development.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of cell proliferation and apoptosis markers (PAX-2, BCL-2) in developing kidneys.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Investigation of gene expression patterns in response to experimental conditions.
  • Modeling of kidney malformations through fetal urinary flow impairment and maternal diet manipulation.

    • Main Results:

    • Normal nephrogenesis involves a balance of proliferation and apoptosis, with specific molecular markers (PAX-2, BCL-2).
    • Lower urinary tract obstruction leads to dysregulated cell turnover, promoting cystic epithelium proliferation and mesenchymal apoptosis.
    • Experimental models confirm that altered cell turnover and gene expression contribute to kidney malformations, including renal hypoplasia.

    Conclusions:

    • Cell turnover is a critical determinant of kidney formation and structure.
    • Disruptions in cell turnover, influenced by factors like urinary obstruction and nutrition, can lead to congenital kidney diseases.
    • Understanding these mechanisms offers insights into preventing and treating kidney malformations.