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Caries prevalence and risk factors among children aged 0 to 36 months

Ana Paula Pires dos Santos1, Vera Mendes Soviero

  • 1School of Dentistry, University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.

Pesquisa Odontologica Brasileira = Brazilian Oral Research
|October 19, 2002
PubMed

Insights

Dental caries affects over 40% of young children, with thick dental biofilm being the primary risk factor. Early childhood caries prevention requires a focus on oral hygiene quality.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Dentistry
  • Oral Health Research
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Early childhood caries (ECC) is a significant public health concern.
  • Identifying risk factors for ECC is crucial for effective prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of dental caries and associated risk factors in children up to 36 months old.
  • To investigate the relationship between oral hygiene, diet, feeding habits, and socioeconomic status with ECC.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 100 children aged up to 36 months.
  • Data collection included questionnaires on risk factors and clinical dental examinations.
  • Statistical analysis using the chi-squared test to identify significant associations.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of caries, including white spot lesions, was 41.6%.
  • Maxillary incisors were most affected, with white spots being the most common lesion.
  • A statistically significant association was found between caries and the presence of dental biofilm (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Dental biofilm accumulation is the most critical factor in early childhood caries.
  • Socioeconomic status, feeding habits, and dietary intake showed no significant association with caries in this sample.
  • Emphasis on improving oral hygiene quality is essential for ECC prevention.

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