Neurocysticercosis: nursing perspectives

Management of neurocysticercosis (NCC) is mostly by means of prevention and antihelminthic medications. We reviewed the role of medical and surgical intervention in patients with NCC lesions. We also identified two patients with isolated NCC lesions to determine whether they might be rendered seizure free through surgical removal of the lesion. The two patients, one male and one female, ages 21 and 43 years, respectively, presented with generalized seizures. Electroencephalograms showed focal slowing consistent with the site of the lesion and had failed antiepileptic drug therapy. Magnetic resonance imaging scans showed a distinct single-ring-enhanced lesion in each patient consistent with late-stage NCC. The patients underwent surgery with ultrasonagraphic guidance to remove the cysts. Surgery involved resection of the suspected calcified neurocystic lesion. Both patients have been seizure free since surgery. Patients with a single calcified neurocystic lesion may benefit from surgery for control of seizures. Prospective evaluations are needed to assess the timing of surgery in relation to the stage of the disease. Nurses play a significant role in the primary prevention of this disease and care throughout treatment.