Seasonal variation of P-wave dispersion in healthy subjects

We studied the seasonal variability of P dispersion in 523 healthy male patients, aged 22 +/- 4 years (range, 20-26). Four seasonal 12-lead resting electrocardiograms were recorded at 2 mV/cm standardization and at 50 mm/s paper speed at intervals of three months. Electrocardiograms were recorded between the hours 10 to 12 AM. The difference between the maximum P-wave duration and minimum P-wave duration was calculated and defined as "P dispersion." There was a significant seasonal variation in the maximum P-wave duration (P = .001) and P dispersion (P = .001), with the longest maximum P-wave duration (121 +/- 16 ms) and P dispersion (41 +/- 7 ms) observed in winter and the shortest maximum P-wave duration (106 +/- 15 ms) and P dispersion (24 +/- 8 ms) observed in summer. The minimum P-wave duration did not show any significant seasonal variation. In conclusion, there exists a significant seasonal variation in the maximum P-wave duration and P dispersion in healthy patients. Seasonal variation of P dispersion resulted from the significant variation of maximum P-wave duration.