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[Life-style in eating behavior disorders].

I Calvo Viñuela1, J Aroca Palencia, M Armero Fuster

  • 1Unidad de Nutrición y Dietética, Hospital General, H. Universitario La Paz, Paseo de La Castellana, 261, 28046 Madrid. isabelcvjb@yahoo.es

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Summary

Patients with eating behavior disorders often eat while watching TV and have restrictive eating habits. Early onset of these disorders is linked to having a mother who works outside the home.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Nutritional Science
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Eating behavior disorders (TCA) are a significant public health concern.
  • Understanding the lifestyle and eating habits of patients is crucial for effective intervention.
  • Previous research has explored various risk factors, but the specific influence of maternal employment and social environment warrants further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the eating habits and lifestyles of first-time outpatients with eating behavior disorders (TCA).
  • To explore potential correlations between patient demographics, family structure, and the onset of TCA.
  • To identify environmental and social factors contributing to disordered eating patterns.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study was conducted with 94 new outpatients diagnosed with TCA.
  • Data collection involved a self-administered questionnaire and anthropometric measurements.
  • Patients were categorized based on maternal employment status: working mothers (HMTF) and non-working mothers (HMNTF).

Main Results:

  • The majority of patients exhibited unhealthy eating habits, including eating alone (34.4%) and while watching television (72%).
  • Restrictive eating behaviors were prevalent in 68.1% of the participants.
  • A friend with TCA was more common in younger patients (<20 years) (53.7%) compared to older patients (26.9%).
  • The age of TCA onset was significantly earlier in offspring of working mothers (16.6 years) versus non-working mothers (19.0 years).
  • No significant differences in nutritional status or habits were found between HMTF and HMNTF groups, despite higher rates of severe caloric malnutrition in HMTF (8.2%) compared to HMNTF (2.3%).

Conclusions:

  • A significant proportion of individuals with TCA have a friend with a similar disorder, particularly younger individuals.
  • Societal factors, such as eating while watching television and mistaken beliefs about food, contribute to unhealthy eating patterns.
  • The family structure, specifically maternal employment outside the home, appears to be associated with an earlier onset of TCA.