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Related Experiment Videos

Internal-wave time evolution effect on ocean acoustic rays.

Stanley M Flatté1, Michael D Vera

  • 1Physics Department, University of California at Santa Cruz, 95064, USA. flatte@physics.ucsc.edu

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|October 26, 2002
PubMed
Summary

Ocean internal waves significantly alter acoustic ray paths. Ignoring their time evolution leads to inaccurate trajectory predictions, impacting underwater acoustic modeling. This study quantifies these effects.

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Comparison between ocean-acoustic fluctuations in parabolic-equation simulations and estimates from integral approximations.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2003
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Area of Science:

  • Oceanography
  • Acoustics
  • Wave Propagation

Background:

  • Range-dependent sound speed in oceans, caused by internal waves, affects acoustic ray paths.
  • Previous studies emphasized background profiles, ray initial conditions, source-receiver geometry, and internal wave strength.
  • The time evolution of internal waves has been historically disregarded due to their slow speed compared to acoustic waves.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of internal wave time evolution on acoustic ray path stability.
  • To quantify the differences in acoustic ray trajectories when internal waves are evolving versus frozen.
  • To analyze the dependence of these differences on ray launch angle, background profile, and internal wave spectrum strength.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical simulation of acoustic ray paths in a range-dependent sound speed field.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Comparison of ray trajectories with evolving internal waves versus static (frozen) internal waves.
  • Analysis of arrival depth patterns at a range of 1000 km as a function of varying parameters.

    • Main Results:

    • Evolving internal waves cause significantly different acoustic ray trajectories compared to frozen internal waves, even with identical initial conditions.
    • The difference in trajectories is comparable to changes induced by slight variations in ray launch angle (approx. 100 microrad).
    • The observed patterns of difference, as a function of launch angle, background profile, and internal wave strength, are consistent between 'frozen-unfrozen' effects and minor launch angle adjustments.

    Conclusions:

    • The time evolution of internal waves is a critical factor in acoustic ray path stability and cannot be ignored.
    • Ignoring internal wave dynamics can lead to significant errors in acoustic propagation modeling.
    • The study provides a quantitative measure of the impact of internal wave evolution, offering insights for improved underwater acoustic simulations.