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Ghost anemone dermatitis.

Anita R Freudenthal1, Joseph S Barbagallo

  • 1Office of Marine Ecology, Nassau County Department of Health, Mineola, USA.

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
|October 26, 2002
PubMed
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Ghost anemone (Haloclava producta) causes a unique skin rash in Long Island residents. This study identifies the anemone

Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Dermatology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Haloclava producta, or the ghost anemone, inhabits US East Coast estuarine sediments.
  • A pruritic, erythematous, vesiculopapular dermatitis has been observed in Long Island residents contacting these anemones.
  • This specific dermatitis and its cause remain undescribed in medical literature.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the causative agent of the unexplained dermatitis affecting Long Island residents.
  • To establish a definitive link between Haloclava producta and the observed skin condition.

Main Methods:

  • Reviewed 20 years of water-related dermatitis reports from New York health authorities.
  • Investigated clusters of dermatitis among clam diggers, initiating targeted sediment sampling.

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  • Isolated Haloclava producta from affected areas and tested its effects on healthy subjects.

    • Main Results:

    • Haloclava producta possesses nematocysts capable of causing dermatitis.
    • Experimental exposure of healthy subjects to H. producta produced dermatitis identical to that seen in victims.
    • No other causative species were identified in the sampled sediments.

    Conclusions:

    • Haloclava producta is identified as the causative agent of ghost anemone dermatitis.
    • Accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment, prevention education, and avoiding unnecessary medical interventions.