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[Problems with envenomations in Guinea].

M C Baldé1, B Dieng, A P Inapogui

  • 1Institut Pasteur de Guinée, B. P. 146, Kindia, Guinée.

Bulletin De La Societe De Pathologie Exotique (1990)
|October 31, 2002
PubMed
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Snakebites pose a significant health threat in Guinea, with high fatality rates, especially when antivenom is unavailable. Improved snakebite management and further research into Guinea's diverse herpetological fauna are crucial.

Area of Science:

  • Herpetology
  • Toxicology
  • Epidemiology

Context:

  • Guinea's diverse geography supports varied snake species, leading to frequent envenomations.
  • The Kindia Pasteur Institute (IRBAG) historically supplied snake venom for antivenom production.
  • Envenomations represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Guinea's agricultural communities.

Purpose:

  • To retrospectively analyze snakebite cases reported in Guinea between 1980-1990 and 1997-1999.
  • To identify common venomous snake species implicated in envenomations.
  • To highlight the impact of antivenom availability on snakebite outcomes.

Summary:

  • A retrospective study of IRBAG registers revealed 584 snakebites (1980-1990) with a 2.2% fatality rate.
  • Later data (1997-1999) showed 379 cases with an 18.2% death rate, linked to antivenom scarcity, and 2.1% amputations.

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  • Identified snakes included Naja, Bitis, Dendroaspis, and Causus, though 38.2% of cases lacked snake identification.

    • Impact:

    • Confirms envenomations as a critical public health issue in Guinea.
    • Underscores the urgent need for accessible antivenom and improved snakebite treatment protocols.
    • Emphasizes the necessity for further research into Guinea's herpetological fauna and its epidemiological significance.