Measuring the burden of ocular morbidity

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Public Health
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Eye care services at B P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Eastern Nepal, were evaluated over five years.
• A significant increase in patient attendance was observed annually, with a notable male predominance.
• Children constituted over 13% of the patient population, indicating a substantial pediatric eye health burden.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine the spectrum of eye ailments and their prevalence in a large patient cohort.
• To identify common causes of vision impairment and ophthalmic consultation.
• To highlight the need for improved eye care infrastructure and strategic interventions.

Main Methods:

• A retrospective analysis of 35,273 patient records from the Department of Ophthalmology.
• Data collection spanned a five-year period, encompassing varied clinical diagnoses.
• Statistical review of patient demographics, diagnoses, and treatment needs.

Main Results:

• Cataract was the leading cause for ophthalmic consultation.
• Diabetic retinopathy, hypertensive retinopathy, and ocular infections were frequently observed.
• Refractive errors affected over 21% of eyes, with amblyopia (2.54%) often linked to uncorrected refractive errors. Allergic conjunctivitis was also common.

Conclusions:

• The study underscores the high burden of treatable and preventable eye conditions.
• Existing eye care facilities require enhancement to meet growing demands.
• Development of new strategies is essential for effective vision health management in the region.