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Nocturnal hypoglycemia detected with the Continuous Glucose Monitoring System in pediatric patients with type 1

Francine Ratner Kaufman1, Juliana Austin, Aaron Neinstein

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA.

The Journal of Pediatrics
|November 1, 2002
PubMed

Insights

Bedtime blood glucose levels of 100-150 mg/dL are linked to frequent nocturnal hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes patients. Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems (CGMS) help diagnose these often asymptomatic episodes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Disorders
  • Diabetes Management

Background:

  • Nocturnal hypoglycemia poses a significant risk for individuals with type 1 diabetes.
  • Understanding predictors of nocturnal hypoglycemia is crucial for effective diabetes management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between bedtime blood glucose levels and the occurrence of nocturnal hypoglycemia.
  • To evaluate the utility of the Continuous Glucose Monitoring System (CGMS) in identifying nocturnal hypoglycemia.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 47 children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes used CGMS for 167 nights.
  • Data analysis focused on glucose levels <=40 or <=50 mg/dL, comparing different bedtime glucose ranges (<=100 mg/dL, >100 mg/dL, <=150 mg/dL, >150 mg/dL).

Main Results:

  • Nocturnal hypoglycemia (glucose <=40 mg/dL) occurred on 27% of nights, and <=50 mg/dL on 35%.
  • Bedtime glucose levels <=100 mg/dL or <=150 mg/dL were associated with a 1.7- to 2-fold increase in hypoglycemia incidence.
  • Most episodes occurred between 9 PM and 1 AM, with no significant difference in duration based on bedtime glucose levels.

Conclusions:

  • Nocturnal hypoglycemia is common, prolonged, and linked to specific bedtime glucose ranges (100-150 mg/dL).
  • Episodes predominantly occur in the early night.
  • CGMS is an effective tool for diagnosing asymptomatic nocturnal hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes.
Abstract

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