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Related Experiment Videos

Comparing techniques for estimating automatic retrieval: effects of retention interval.

Daryl E Wilson1, Keith D Horton

  • 1Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review
|November 5, 2002
PubMed
Summary
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Implicit memory (IM) tasks and process dissociation approach (PDA) yield conflicting results on automatic retrieval over time. This study suggests automatic and controlled retrieval are positively correlated, impacting accuracy.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Memory Research

Background:

  • Implicit memory (IM) tasks and the process dissociation approach (PDA) offer differing perspectives on the temporal stability of automatic retrieval.
  • Discrepancies may arise from controlled retrieval strategies contaminating IM tasks or from an assumed independence between automatic and controlled retrieval, which may not hold true.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between automatic and controlled retrieval processes in memory.
  • To reconcile conflicting findings regarding the temporal dynamics of automatic retrieval observed with IM tasks and the PDA.

Main Methods:

  • A speeded implicit memory task was employed to assess automatic retrieval.
  • Performance was analyzed in relation to controlled retrieval strategies, particularly at short retention intervals.

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Main Results:

  • A standard IM task accurately estimated automatic retrieval.
  • The PDA underestimated automatic retrieval at a short retention interval.
  • The observed underestimation supports a positive correlation between automatic and controlled retrieval.

Conclusions:

  • Automatic and controlled retrieval processes are likely positively correlated, not independent.
  • The PDA may underestimate automatic retrieval when controlled retrieval is high, challenging its assumptions.