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Humanized NOD/SCID/IL2rγnull (hu-NSG) Mouse Model for HIV Replication and Latency Studies

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HIV surveillance methods for the incarcerated population.

Hazel D Dean¹, Amy Lansky, Patricia L Fleming

¹Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention-Surveillance and Epidemiology, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. hdd0@cdc.gov

AIDS Education and Prevention : Official Publication of the International Society for AIDS Education

|November 5, 2002

Summary

Monitoring HIV/AIDS in U.S. correctional facilities uses multiple methods. Data reveal key demographic and behavioral characteristics of incarcerated individuals living with HIV/AIDS, crucial for prevention and care.

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Comprehensive & Cost Effective Laboratory Monitoring of HIV/AIDS: an African Role Model

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Area of Science:

Public Health
Epidemiology
Infectious Disease Surveillance

Background:

The incarcerated population represents a significant demographic for HIV/AIDS monitoring in the United States.
Existing surveillance methods include facility censuses, seroprevalence surveys, and state-level case reporting.
Understanding the characteristics of HIV-infected individuals within correctional settings is vital for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe methodologies for HIV/AIDS case surveillance within correctional settings.
To present demographic, behavioral, and clinical data of HIV-infected individuals incarcerated at diagnosis.
To inform advancements in HIV prevention and care for the incarcerated population.

Main Methods:

Utilized data from the HIV/AIDS Reporting System (HARS) and the Supplement to HIV and AIDS Surveillance (SHAS).
Analyzed incarcerated persons diagnosed with HIV (not AIDS) versus those diagnosed with AIDS.
Collected comprehensive information on risk behaviors, including injection drug use, crack use, alcohol abuse, and sex trading.

Main Results:

HARS data indicated a higher proportion of females and fewer injection drug users among incarcerated individuals diagnosed with HIV (not AIDS) compared to those diagnosed with AIDS.
SHAS data revealed a high prevalence of injection drug use, crack cocaine use, alcohol abuse, and exchanging sex for drugs or money.
Combined HARS and SHAS data provide a comprehensive overview of risk behaviors among HIV-positive incarcerated individuals.

Conclusions:

Accurate and timely surveillance data are essential for effective HIV/AIDS prevention and care programs in correctional facilities.
Understanding the epidemic's magnitude within prisons and jails is critical for reducing transmission during incarceration and upon release.
Data support the need for targeted risk reduction strategies and healthcare services for incarcerated individuals living with HIV/AIDS.