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Related Experiment Videos

Laminar-flow fluid mixer for fast fluorescence kinetics studies.

Suzette A Pabit1, Stephen J Hagen

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.

Biophysical Journal
|November 5, 2002
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a microfluidic mixer for rapid aqueous liquid mixing. It enables fast kinetic studies of biomolecules using minimal sample volumes and maintaining optical access.

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Chemical Kinetics
  • Microfluidics

Background:

  • Fast mixing of aqueous liquids is crucial for studying rapid biomolecular interactions.
  • Existing methods often require large sample volumes or lack optical access.
  • Microsecond mixing is desirable for observing fast protein and nucleic acid dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a microfluidic device for rapid, low-volume aqueous mixing.
  • To enable time-resolved fluorescence measurements of fast biomolecular processes.
  • To facilitate studies of protein and nucleic acid interactions and folding.

Main Methods:

  • Construction of a laminar coaxial jet mixer using a fused silica capillary.
  • Injection of a narrow fluorescent sample stream into a larger buffer flow.

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  • Utilizing UV-excited fluorescence (266 nm excitation, 350 nm detection) for measurements.
  • Operating under laminar flow conditions (Re ≈ 14) at ~20 cm/s.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved microsecond mixing rates with nanoliter to microliter sample volumes.
    • Enabled sub-millisecond fluorescence quenching kinetic measurements.
    • Demonstrated low sample (≤ 6 nl/s) and buffer (1–3 µl/s) consumption.
    • Maintained UV-visible optical access for fluorescence detection.

    Conclusions:

    • The laminar coaxial jet mixer is effective for rapid kinetic studies.
    • Minimal sample consumption and optical access are key advantages.
    • This technology supports biophysical studies of fast molecular interactions and folding.