Facial reconstruction using the visor scalp flap.

Area of Science:

• Reconstructive surgery
• Plastic surgery
• Burn reconstruction

Background:

• Facial disfigurement from burns significantly impacts male patients, particularly in the moustache and beard areas.
• Traditional reconstructive methods for facial defects range from simple skin grafts to complex flaps.
• Bipedicle scalp flaps have been sporadically used for upper lip reconstruction.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe the use of bitemporal artery hair-bearing flaps for facial reconstruction in male burn victims.
• To evaluate the efficacy of this flap in restoring the moustache and beard areas.
• To assess the aesthetic and functional outcomes of this reconstructive technique.

Main Methods:

• The study involved nine male burn victims requiring reconstruction of the mid and lower face.
• Bitemporal artery hair-bearing flaps were utilized for reconstruction of the moustache and beard areas.
• The technique focused on selecting appropriate flap size to avoid tissue expanders and allow primary closure of the donor site.

Main Results:

• The bitemporal artery hair-bearing flap provided a good aesthetic match for the mid and lower male face.
• Primary closure of the donor site was achieved in all cases, simplifying the procedure.
• Patients experienced an early return to normal life due to the minimally invasive nature of the flap harvest.
• While not covering the entire lower face, the flap successfully imitated a normal facial appearance.

Conclusions:

• Bitemporal artery hair-bearing flaps are a highly suitable option for reconstructing the moustache and beard areas in male burn survivors.
• This technique offers excellent aesthetic results and functional restoration with minimal morbidity.
• The method facilitates primary donor site closure and expedites patient recovery, making it a valuable reconstructive tool.