[Contemporary possibilities of thumb reconstruction. Part one--"classical" methods]

Loss of the thumb accounts for a 60% decrease of functional value of the hand, thus making its reconstruction a priority in the field of hand surgery. Basing on available literature and the author's own experiences classical methods (no microsurgery) are presented. The following methods are discussed: phalangisation, progressive lengthening (of the stump of the proximal phalanx and/or the first metacarpal bone), osteoplastic reconstruction, island flaps (Chinese flaps), pollicisation, vascular rein technique, along with respective indications, operative techniques, results and complications.