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Olfactory function in chronic renal failure.

Johannes A Frasnelli1, Andreas F Temmel, Christian Quint

  • 1frasnelli@yahoo.com

American Journal of Rhinology
|November 9, 2002
PubMed
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Chronic renal failure (CRF) patients often experience olfactory dysfunction, impacting nutrition. This study found significant deficits in odor discrimination and identification, suggesting counseling for chemosensory changes.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Sensory Science
  • Clinical Nutrition

Background:

  • Chronic renal failure (CRF) is linked to poor nutritional status, making dietary management crucial.
  • Olfactory function significantly influences appetite and nutritional intake.
  • Investigating olfactory deficits in CRF patients is essential for understanding their nutritional challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess olfactory function in patients with chronic renal failure.
  • To determine the prevalence and nature of olfactory impairments in CRF.
  • To explore the relationship between olfactory deficits and cognitive function in CRF.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated 64 CRF patients (49 on hemodialysis, 15 not) and 15 healthy controls.
  • Assessed olfactory function through odor discrimination, odor identification, and butanol odor thresholds.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Administered psychological tests including Mini-Mental State Examination and Trail-Making Test.

    • Main Results:

    • 56% of CRF patients exhibited olfactory loss, including anosmia and hyposmia.
    • Significant deficits were observed in odor discrimination (38%) and odor identification (48%).
    • Cognitive test results correlated with odor identification and discrimination, but not odor thresholds.

    Conclusions:

    • CRF patients demonstrate severely impaired odor discrimination and identification abilities.
    • Odor thresholds in CRF patients were comparable to the general population.
    • CRF patients require counseling regarding potential reductions in chemosensory functions.